In conditions of ubiquitous introduction of IT in all spheres of society life, development of conceptual provisions that help to comprehend the changes taking place, ensuring semantic interoperability in the interaction of IT users among themselves and with the computer infrastructure is actual. The article considers the approach to the application of the system of concepts in the field of information technologies, which can be used by all categories of users: end users of IT, specialists, the state, scientists. In a single conceptual framework, concepts such as object, subject, situation, conditions, etc. are presented. The concept of IT metaphor is considered. It is proposed to perceive the IT metaphor as a tool for ensuring semantic interoperability between subject areas and mutual understanding between different categories of IT users. This will allow solving research, design and daily tasks, including creating social and economic constraints, as well as preventing regulatory and legal problems arising in the implementation of IT. An example of the application of the approach as a conceptual basis for constructing an automated system structuring human activity in various subject areas is considered.

The paper describes an approach to the automated extraction of information from scientific texts based on ontology design patterns. Such patterns are intended to describe the solution of typical problems arising in the development of ontologies, and can serve to represent both structural and semantic aspects of ontology. The questions of applying patterns to solve the problem of population and construction of ontologies with the use of information on the ontology structure and genre features of scientific texts are considered. The descriptions of the lexico-syntactic patterns are presented for the mapping of language constructions into ontological structures

In the paper, the specifics of the genre of technical documentation are
examined with regard to extracting the content information necessary to analyze the
correctness of the specifications set before the task developers. A distinctive feature of
the proposed approach is the use of ontology as a link between text and formal
verification. The objects and processes described in the text are determined by a set of
ontologies: the ontology of requirements, the ontology of processes and distributed
systems, and the ontology of the control object. The ontology of the control object is
defined within the semantic dictionary and includes concepts describing special objects
and characteristics used in a particular control system

The paper suggests an approach to information retrieval based on the ontology of scientific activity in a certain area of knowledge. This method makes use of general-purpose search engines to retrieve links to relevant Internet resources using the search queries generated on the basis of the ontology concepts. In the search process queries change depending on the number of retrieved results found. Search results that do not contain information about scientific activity are filtered using ontology

The paper presents an original methodological approach to the construction
of a system of ontologies to store the knowledge about energy pipeline systems, their
properties, modeling problems related to these systems and the software employed.
This system of ontologies consists of a metaontology and applied ontologies that
include: the ontology of pipeline systems of different types, the ontology of problems
and the ontology of software. The ontologies applied in the integrated graphical
environment make it possible to automate the stages of the software development, fill the user interface with data and ensure effective operation with the computer model of pipeline system

The article considers the question of increasing the computational efficiency of the methodology for electric power system adequacy assessment based on the Monte Carlo method. When using this method, the speed and accuracy of the calculation depends on the count of analyzed random states of the modeled system. Analysis means the solution of the flow distribution problem for each randomly generated state. This is a fairly time-consuming process, so reducing the number of analyzed states while maintaining the accuracy of the assessment will increase the speed of the calculation as a whole. For this, it is proposed to use methods of machine learning, whose task is to determine the power system's deficit without optimization methods applying. In calculations, the support vector machine and random forest methods were used, the viability of the proposed approach was evaluated by solving adequacy assessment task of the test energy power system

The low level of success of IT projects is one of the urgent problems of modern public administration. In the article, the author conducted a general diagnosis of the results of the automation of the budget process. According to the author, in order to increase the efficiency of using information technologies in managing public finances, it is necessary to develop a methodology for assessing the quality of decisions made that affect the effectiveness of using information systems. The proposed criteria for assessing the effectiveness of the quality of decisions made in managing the development of financial management systems can be used to create algorithms for decision-making assistance systems for evaluating the performance of organizational and technical management systems.

Edge detection is one of the most important elements in medical image processing and become a diagnostic technique largely applied for the determination of doctor’s diagnosis. But it is difficult for detecting the medical image borders accurately. The main goal of this study is to improve, detect features and gain better characteristics of medical images for a right diagnosis. We propose a Phase Stretch Transform (PST) new medical image edge-detection technique based on canny edge detection algorithm to solve this problem. The present method has been efficient in detecting borders of medical images. The results indicate the accuracy of the proposed edge-detection method is superior to that of conventional edge-detection methods for medical image.

Agricultural production is exposed to a significant number of external factors affecting the performance of agricultural enterprises, of which the most significant impact is different hydrometeorological phenomena. Effective planning of obtaining agricultural products is associated with taking into account, first of all, natural risks. The paper considers a two-stage model for optimizing the location of agricultural crops, which takes into account the impact of negative natural phenomena on the production of agricultural products.
The use of a multi-stage extreme task is due to the fact that planning at the next step (usually a year) depends on the previous result. At the same time, the model uses parameters characterizing the effect of one or several extreme climatic phenomena on the production of agricultural products. The proposed two-stage model with probabilistic parameters is realized for the agricultural enterprise of the Irkutsk region, taking into account the effect of a severe drought.

In the paper, the possibility of a differential model of confrontation (DSM) is shown to provide a forecast of the development of security incidents in information systems. The methodology and technology of its interaction with SIEM class systems are proposed. Experiments have been carried out to simulate the work of the differential confrontation model with the data flow from the SIEM system, some results are shown

In the present work is aimed at solving the actual scientific task of estimating the expected offshore tsunami heights and identifying probably flooding areas for the coast. To solve this, data from seismic and hydrophysical monitoring are required. The results of the experimental work will reduce the risks of tsunami damage and minimizing the number of false alarms

Methods for assessing the impact of energy objects on the elements of the environment are analyzed in the article. Methods for assessing the impact of energy generation objects are considered in more detail. Officially approved methods for calculating emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere by power plants and boilers are proposed to be used as the main methods.
Various methods for calculating the amount of ash and slag waste from power generation facilities are considered. And here a method of the material and raw balance proposed to be use.
The article shows that for the calculations require a wide list of indicators that can be grouped by the characteristics of power and cleaning equipment and a fuel.
The use of the analyzed methods requires the creation of an extensive database and the development of an information technology system as an analytical tool for assessing the impact of energy objects on the environment.

Experimental studies of the industrial centers atmospheric pollution and modelling of its influence on the coast of Middle Baikal are summarized. Information on the mineral content of sulfur dioxide, sulfate, nitrogen oxides, nitrate in the atmosphere and atmospheric deposition (aerosol, precipitation, snow cover) is analyzed to determine the impact of regional sources on the composition of the atmosphere over the Middle Baikal. Quantity of sulfur oxides and nitrogen reaching to the Middle basin of Lake Baikal from big sources are estimated on the base of mathematical modeling

The paper presents the structure and shows the need to transfer electronic design documentation between enterprises. The method of synchronization of reference books of three-dimensional models of standard and other products at transfer of documentation between enterprises based on the transfer of three-dimensional models with reference to the records of the reference book of the host enterprise

The article discusses the models of the basic components that provide the software system operating for agent-based simulation models development – Adskit (agent development support kit). According to the approach utilized in the article, the agent-based simulation model is considered as a software with specific functionality that can be reduced to a variety of operations related to the life cycle of the simulation model, communication between the elements of the model; inference based on knowledge bases; calls to external subroutines, etc.. The article provides examples of the software implementation of discussed models in the Adskit system with the help of Java, Jess, Drools, Madkit.

The wide application of binary dynamic systems (BDS) in both scientific and applied research causes the urgency of developing new and improving existing methods for qualitative analysis of the behavior of DDS trajectories. High computational complexity of these tasks requires the development of software and tools for its solution using parallel and distributed computing technologies and service-oriented access to the resources of high-performance computing environments. In this paper, parallel software tools for implementing a logical approach to solving the problems under consideration are considered, the results of computational experiments.

Modern group standards of time and frequency units represent complex complexes for which the development of specialized software is required, which monitors and controls the equipment, collects, stores and processes the measurement information, calculates the analytical time scale. As a result the used numerical algorithms of calculation of parameters of a standard directly influence his metrological characteristics. The formalized technique of processing the measurement information obtained in the subsystem of internal comparisons of the standard based on the results of indirect measurements performed in the process of the functioning of the group standard of time and frequencies is offered. The program modules realizing a technique allow to solve a problem of full automation of process of creation of models of time series according to empirical data and to lower an error of reproduction of units of time and frequency by atomic clock to 30%.