• Nikita I. Shchukin, Melentiev Energy Systems Institute SB RAS (Irkutsk, Russia)

The paper addresses the problem of integrating heterogeneous mathematical models used in the formation of a digital model of a digital twin of a wind power plant. The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that a wind power plant is not a single computational object, but a complex technical system comprising a number of interrelated subsystems: a wind turbine, an aerodynamic circuit, a mechanical transmission, power electronics, an energy transmission system, a diesel power plant, battery energy storage systems, and consumers. For each of these subsystems, the scientific literature presents various classes of models that differ in terms of input data, level of detail, computational time step, adopted assumptions, constraints, and scope of applicability. In the development of a digital twin, such models should not only be implemented within a single software system, but also coordinated with one another in terms of parameter semantics, units of measurement, temporal characteristics, boundary conditions, and rules for transferring computational results. The aim of the study is to substantiate the feasibility of applying an ontological approach to model integration within the digital model of a digital twin of a wind power plant. It is shown that, in the absence of explicit formalization of the subject area, the increasing complexity of a digital twin is accompanied by data duplication, the emergence of implicit dependencies between computational modules, difficulties in maintaining the software system, and growing costs associated with the development of new functionality. An ontological model is proposed as a means of limiting these effects, defining a common layer of terms, relationships, constraints, and data requirements. It is advisable to apply such a model at the stage of designing new digital twin functionality, including the implementation of new computational models, modification of visualization components, database expansion, and refinement of relationships between subsystems. The novelty of the proposed approach lies in considering ontology not only as a means of representing knowledge about the subject area, but also as a tool for reducing organizational and software engineering risks in the integration of digital twin models. Particular attention is paid to the fact that an ontological model makes it possible to capture specialists’ knowledge in a formalized form and thereby reduce the project’s dependence on a limited number of employees who simultaneously possess expertise in software engineering, mathematical modeling, and the specific features of energy facilities. The paper substantiates that the use of an ontological approach can contribute to improving the consistency of digital model components, reducing the probability of errors in data exchange between computational modules, and simplifying the further development of the digital twin of a wind power plant.

digital twin, wind power plant, mathematical modeling, ontological modeling, model integration

2026-09-03